City Teacher of the Year killed when car crashes into Starbucks, No dancing, no cocktail hour: St. Louis bride says city told her about restrictions 10 days before wedding. St. Louis is about 17 miles north of Jefferson Barracks, at that time a large Army mobilization point, and Philadelphia was home to the U.S. Navy’s busy Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, which housed about 45,000 sailors. The flu was in the shadow of World War I, in which the United States had been fighting for nearly 18 months. Instead, the Health Department will try to isolate the ill. To rectify the communication and coordination problems, Starkloff created a Bureau of Information and put his trusted Assistant Health Commissioner, Dr. G. A. Jordan, in charge. The Health Department decides to allow all commercial businesses to re-open tomorrow, including theaters and movie houses. And we might look to the safer choices of the past when considering how to celebrate Halloween this year.

or anything. Meeting with downtown retailers, the Health Commissioner asked store owners and managers to stop advertising Saturday sales in order to reduce weekend crowding.18 Several days later, on October 20, Starkloff issued a new order restricting downtown business hours to 9:30 am to 4:30 pm in the busy downtown section of St. Louis bounded by Olive Street, Washington Avenue, and Fourth and Twelfth Streets. By the next day, approximately fifty cases were reported. 3 “Jacob E. Meeker, Congressman, Dies of Influenza,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 16 Oct. 1918, 1. Health Commissioner Starkloff rescinds the business hour restrictions, effective immediately, because he believes they are creating a hardship for small business owners. With over one hundred civilian cases in the city and 900 cases at Jefferson Barracks, however, Starkloff urged them to consider drastic action in order to halt the spread of the disease. Health Commissioner Starkloff issues advice that people with colds stay in bed until recovered. Parades were part of it. The Red Cross will also enlist volunteers to go into homes of ill and do cooking, cleaning, and laundry.

Police are instructed to enforce Health Commissioner Starkloff’s order to the letter, and to break up all unnecessary gatherings. Peak death rate, the day with the highest number of cases, per 100,000 population for 1918 flu: NOTE Excess pneumonia and influenza mortality rate, Sept. 8-Dec. 18, 1918, from 1913-17 baseline; SOURCE Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 26 “Closing order in force, and is generally obeyed,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 9 Nov. 1918, 1; “Thousands out of work under 4-day decree,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 9 Nov. 1918, 1.

The closure order is lifted this morning, and businesses reopen. In conference with Mayor Kiel, he decides that elementary and middle schools will not reopen until after the Christmas holiday. If passed, it would grant Mayor Henry Kiel the authority to declare an epidemic state of emergency, thus granting Health Commissioner Starkloff power to issue public health edicts and to impose heavy fines on physicians who fail to report influenza cases. Be Proactive. Soldiers may only enter their own barracks. The ban on public meetings would remain in place until Monday, November 17. For more information on how St. Louis and Kansas City handled the Spanish flu differently, you can read more here.

Starkloff also closed the municipal court, playgrounds, library reading rooms, pool halls, fraternal lodges and limited the use of public transportation, at the time that meant streetcars. No racism, sexism or any sort of -ism Transcript of annual report located at http://bioterrorism.slu.edu/StarkloffReport.pdf (Accessed May 25, 2010).

15 “192 new cases of influenza in day indicate spread,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 9 Oct. 1918, 1. "They recognized that crowds were a danger," McKinsey says. Second, large and unusual public gatherings were still prohibited.
Classrooms for all but high school juniors and seniors are still closed. The show is hosted by Sarah Fenske and produced by Alex Heuer, Emily Woodbury, Evie Hemphill, Lara Hamdan and Joshua Phelps. The numbers kept climbing, spilling over from sailors to workers to citizens.

Health Commissioner Starkloff announces that influenza conditions have improved slightly, but cautions against relaxing the city’s guard yet. Louis on the Air” brings you the stories of St. Louis and the people who live, work and create in our region. Someone even checked with the City Attorney to see if Starkloff’s had legal authority to issue the proclamation.27 He did. As October drew to a close, the number of new influenza cases diminished, though nowhere near the 150 per day mark Starkloff desired. On December 20, the health commissioner lifted the remaining bans, with two exceptions.

27 “New Closing Law Upheld by One of Charter’s Framers,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 9 Nov. 1918, 2. Assistant Health Commissioner Jordan warns theaters and movie houses to maintain proper ventilation. Police Chief Young orders that no gathering of any kind attended by ten or more persons will be permitted in any of the churches unless they are for the purpose of special war work, are inspected, and are granted authority to meet. The American Red Cross in St. Louis ran five ambulances every day to transport sick patients.

75-93. Volunteers will observe streetcars to make sure they are following the regulations. Starting on October 8, St. Louis’s theaters, movie houses, pool halls and other public amusement venues would be closed, and all public gatherings banned. When discussing the history of the tragic 1918 influenza epidemic, St. Louis is often held up as a model city.

34 “Five Movie Theaters Closed by Dr. Jordan,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 2 Dec. 1918, 1. "We also found volunteers had a great impact in dealing with the epidemic, especially the Red Cross, which did an excellent job in making masks, training nurse assistants and distributing medical information pamphlets to the public.
He asks factories and mercantile businesses to have physicians examine employees and customers for symptoms of influenza. Show full articles without "Continue Reading" button for {0} hours. that is degrading to another person. 10 John C. Crighton, The History of Health Services in Missouri. The National Archives and Records Administration.

Schools would close on October 9, giving them one day to inform and prepare students. The stricter closure order goes into effect.

11 “To Close Schools and Theaters to Check Influenza,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 7 Oct. 1918, 1. Viral Modernism: The Influenza Pandemic and Interwar Literature, Six Flags St. Louis offers scaled back, socially distant Halloween event for the fall, Trick-or-treating in doubt this year so Halloween candy comes out even earlier, A milestone for Missouri, as the number of COVID-19 cases tops 100,000, Full access to STLtoday.com and the award-winning journalism, Faster-loading pages with no more surveys.

Newspapers.com, Though the virus people are dealing with now is new, the fatigue caused by the crisis is not.


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