PLAY; LOOK UP. [20] These are added to a verb stem, which can be mono-, duo- or polysyllabic, and either agent (transitive) or patient (intransitive).

"Award#1160665 - Chiwere (ISO 639-3: iow) Audio Archive Project (CAAP)", "Otoe-Missouria company hosts language day". [8] The Third Annual Otoe-Missouria Language and Culture Day is planned for September 2012. Vowel length is distinctive as well.[12].

Key to abbreviations: sg = singular (said to one person); pl = plural; m = male (said by men); f = female (said by women). It can appear as a dental tap or flap [ɾ] (especially word-medially), as an alveolar fricative [r] (as in Spanish), as an (inter)dental fricative [ð], as a lateral [l], as a nasal [n], or as a voiced dental plosive [d].

Noun 1. [12][13] The velar nasal phoneme /ŋ/ does not occur word-initially, being confined to "medial position after a nasal vowel."[14]. Concepts such as possession, reflexivity and grammatical number, as well subject-object relation and case (including nine instrumental prefixes) are also expressed via affixing. Notes: Additional vocabulary words have been added after word no. According to William Whitman's research of Chiwere, there are approximately 23 known consonant clusters which are word medial and approximately 14 of these show up word initially or word medially. [2] The Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma has sponsored language workshops in the past and hopes to host more in the future. Third person forms as they exist in English are not directly marked.

Chiwere suffered a steady decline after extended European-American contact in the 1850s, and by 1940 the language had almost totally ceased to be spoken. Statements are negated with the particle skunyi, which follows the verb. The language is closely related to Ho-Chunk, also known as Winnebago.. Non-Native Christian missionaries first documented Chiwere in the 1830s, but since then … We have included twenty basic Sioux words here, to compare with related American Indian languages. [7] A 2012 NSF grant was used to provide digital access to existing audio recordings of fluent speakers. The Western Siouan languages can be divided into Missouri River languages (such as Crow and Hidatsa), Mandan, Mississippi River languages (such as Dakotan, Chiwere-Winnebago, and Dhegihan languages), and Ohio Valley Siouan branches. Definitions of Siouan. "[5] However, the Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma says Bah-Kho-Je means "grey snow," due to their winter lodges being covered with snow stained grey by fire smoke. The phonology of Chiwere consists of approximately 33 consonants, three nasal vowels, and five oral vowels. Aside from its complex verbal morphology, Chiwere differs from English in a number of significant ways. The Otoe-Missouria dialect is called Jíwere ich'é (pronounced [d̥ʒiꜜweɾɛ itʃʼeꜜ]). Verbs are made reflexive by the "ki-" prefix; reduplication of this prefix ("kiki-") expresses reciprocity. 1. n a member of a group of North American Indian peoples who spoke a Siouan language and who ranged from Lake …

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