A-level - Life in Nazi Germany, 1933–1945 He too faces grave economic problems allied to falling support in the polls and is believed to be planning to revitalise his administration with a reshuffle," said Oborne. Fifty years ago Prime Minister Harold Macmillan shocked the nation by sacking seven ministers in what became known as the 'Night of the Long Knives'. During his early years as prime minister, Macmillan had been nicknamed "Supermac", but as public opinion swung against him, he acquired a new nickname - "Mac the knife". "It just shows in politics you should always be ready for the unexpected," said Lloyd later. History portrays the infamous 'Night of the Long Knives' as a textbook political disaster, but as a BBC documentary shows on the 50th anniversary, it could have been so different. The leak forced Macmillan's hand and he acted swiftly, sacking Lloyd that evening and six other cabinet members the next day - Friday 13 July - calling them to his office one by one to confirm the news. Hitler could not afford to annoy businessmen or the army, so the SS (Hitler's personal bodyguards) murdered around 400 members of the SA, including Röhm, along with a number of Hitler's other opponents like the previous Chancellor, von Schleicher. The Night of the Long Knives 1934. Night of the Long Knives, in German history, purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler on June 30, 1934. GCSE Modern World History - Nazi Germany. Many members of the SA, including its leader Ernst Röhm, were demanding that the Nazi party carry out its socialist agenda and that the SA take over the army. In Parliament the following week, Lloyd was cheered by MPs. (i.e. Hitler takes political control 1933-1934 - CCEA, Control and opposition in Nazi Germany - CCEA, Life for women and the family in Nazi Germany - CCEA, Life for young people in Nazi Germany - CCEA, Life for the Jewish community and minorities in Nazi Germany - CCEA, Life in Germany during World War Two - CCEA, Home Economics: Food and Nutrition (CCEA). Hitler did not want to annoy the military because it could overthrow him and he needed them to co-operate with his ambitious foreign policy. But the country and Westminster were stunned by the speed and scale of events. Macmillan believed the conversation part of a deliberate ploy by the ambitious Butler. Read about our approach to external linking. How did Adolf Hitler seize control of Germany by 1934? 30 June 1934 – Night of the Long Knives. Otherwise there is no authority at the top of government," said Macmillan speaking of the events in 1971. They were under the control of Ernst Röhm, a loyal follower of Hitler since the early days of the Nazi Party. Peter Oborne is a political commentator and columnist, Selwyn Lloyd, Chancellor replaced by Reggie Maudling, David Maxwell Fyfe, Lord Chancellor replaced by Reginald Manningham-Buller, David Eccles, Minister of Education replaced by Edward Boyle, Harold Watkinson, Minister of Defence replaced by Peter Thorneycroft, John Scott Maclay, Secretary of State for Scotland replaced by Michael Noble, Charles Hill, Minister of Housing replaced by Keith Joseph, Percy Mills, Minister without Portfolio replaced by William Deedes.

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