T he Nazis set up their first concentration camp, Dachau, in the wake of Hitler’s takeover of power in 1933. In 1943, Ruth was incarcerated in Westerbork transit camp and later Bergen-Belsen concentration camp with her mother and two sisters. After March 1938, when Germany annexed Austria in an event known as Anschluss thousands of German and Austrian Jews were arrested and detained in Dachau, Buchenwald and Sachsenhausen concentration camps. Despite this fact, the concentration camps claimed many thousands of victims. Most of the victims had been told that they were merely to be moved to the east for new jobs and living places, and most of them had brought their favourite belongings. When the victims arrived to the extermination camps in overcrowded trains, they were herded out onto the arrival ramp. This was the remains of the Nazis’ horrible crime, to imprison people in camps because of their “otherness” or in order to use them for forced labour. Over 3.3 million army personnel died at the hands of the Nazis through starvation, disease, lack of facilities or mass shootings. Another method was the use of gassing trucks. On 10 October 1938, the Sudetenland was occupied by the German Wehrmacht and annexed. Here, they implemented antisemitic and racial policies as they had done in Germany. What made you want to look up concentration camp? 900,000 Jews lost their lives in this camp. Inmates are usually exploited for their labour and kept under harsh conditions, though this is not always the case. There are few examples of uprisings in the extermination camps. Auschwitz-Birkenau, which also functioned as a concentration camp and a work camp, became the largest killing centre. This was quickly followed by the establishment of three more extermination camps: Belzec, Treblinka and Sobibor. The camps could be divided into different categories according to their purpose and function: forced labour camps, work- and reformatory camps, POW camps, transit camps, police camps, women camps and ghetto camps. 250,000 lost their lives in Sobibor’s gas chambers. On 16 October 1940, the Warsaw Ghetto was established. This is an unused prisoner of war airmail letter. Many of the inmates were also forced to carry out hard labour. Some of these facilities were called “concentration camps” be… Unlike most of the concentration camps within Germany not all of the transit camps were run by the SS. These were separate from the SS-run concentration camps, where prisoners were also forced to perform labour. In 1945, when Allied forces liberated the concentration camps at Dachau, Bergen-Belsen, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen, Auschwitz and elsewhere, the world was shocked at the sight of images of dead bodies alongside half-dead people in these camps. The mass detention of Jews on the basis of the Nazis’ racial ideology intensified following Kristallnacht and continued until the end of the Second World War. Following the outbreak of the Second World War, the use of labour again increased sharply.

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