x����j�0E���]���a�A�vZ$��E��uح�.����)��&�ZF3�s�3|ޙ���)�����. Outbreaks of smallpox (1817, 1848) and cholera (1849)[27] took a major toll on the Comanche, whose population dropped from an estimated 20,000 in midcentury to just a few thousand by the 1870s. [8] The name Padouca, which before about 1740 was applied[by whom?] Because of their frequent traveling, Comanche Indians had to make sure that their household goods and other possessions were unbreakable. After the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, various Plains peoples acquired horses, but probably never had very many for quite some time. iv. Moccasins had soles made from thick, tough buffalo hide with soft deerskin uppers. Comanche people generally had a light meal in the morning and a large evening meal. This slender braid, called a scalp lock, was decorated with colored scraps of cloth and beads, and a single feather. The, Division (sometimes called tribe, Spanish, Ketahtoh or Ketatore (‘Don't Wear Shoes’, also called, Pibianigwai (‘Loud Talkers’, ‘Loud Askers’), WahaToya (literally 'Two Mountains'); (given as Foothills in Cloud People - those who live near Walsenburg, CO)
The US began efforts in the late 1860s to move the Comanche into reservations, with the Treaty of Medicine Lodge (1867), which offered churches, schools, and annuities in return for a vast tract of land totaling over 60,000 square miles (160,000 km2). Being herbivores, horses were also easier to feed than dogs, since meat was a valuable resource. The "Southern Comanche" label encompassed the Penatʉka Nʉʉ (Penateka) ("Honey Eaters"), the southernmost, largest, and best known band among whites as they lived near the first Spanish and Texan settlements; their tribal areas extended from the upper reaches of the rivers in central Texas and Colorado River southward, including much of the Edwards Plateau, and eastward to the Western Cross Timbers; because they dominated the southern Comancheria they were called "Southern Comanche". Girls were usually named after one of their father's relatives, but the name was selected by the mother. In the 19th century, men used woven cloth to replace the buckskin breechcloths, and the men began wearing loose-fitting buckskin shirts. An entire Comanche band could be packed and chasing a buffalo herd within about 20 minutes.
[46], A boy identified not only with his father but with his father's family, as well as with the bravest warriors in the band. Two wing-shaped flaps at the top of the tipi were turned back to make an opening, which could be adjusted to keep out the moisture and held pockets of insulating air. The last independent Kiowa and Kiowa Apache had also surrendered. She learned to make all the clothing for the doll. Warfare was a major part of Comanche life. The "Western Comanche" lived in the region of the upper Arkansas, Canadian, and Red Rivers, and the Llano Estacado. It was of such strategic importance that some scholars suggested that the Comanche broke away from the Shoshone and moved southward to search for additional sources of horses among the settlers of New Spain to the south (rather than search for new herds of buffalo.) The horns were shaped into cups, spoons, and ladles, while the tail made a good whip, a fly-swatter, or a decoration for the tipi.
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